
Class 



Book. 



Hs- 



n °f 



' 






FAMILY HISTORY 



»/ 



LIEUT.-COLONEL 

FREDERICK FUGER, 

U. S. ARMY 

and his 

DESCENDANTS. 



Prepared and printed for the use 
of members of the family only. 




[T. I*. H.] 



Press oj 

lilNN & HAMMOND 

Detroit 

1904 



\ ^ 



By Exchiange 

Army and Navy Club 

JANUARY 16 1934 



Illustrations to Family History — Vol. II. 

I. Frescoes at the Fuggerhaus in Augsburg-Bavaria. His Excellency 

Prince Fugger and his castle. 

II. Descriptive Frescoes at the Fuggerhaus, Augsburg. - King Rudolph 

of Hapsburg, on March 12, 1276, bestowing the privilege of 
burghership of the city of Augsburg. 

III. Facade of the Fuggerhaus, showing the celebrated Frescoes on wall. 

IV. Jacob Fugger in the year 1 519, showing the plans for the "Fuggerei" 

buildings for rental to the poor peasantry. On the left of the 
picture is seen his spouse giving bread to the poor. 

V. The burgers of Augsburg bringing to the Emperor Maximilian, their 

gifts. On the right is depicted Anton Fugger with his wife 
preceded by their page bearing rich gifts. Date 16th century. 

VI. Anton Fugger, at the head of a deputation of Augsburg burghers, 

bestows, at an encampment near Ulm, the freedom of the city of 
Augsburg, on the Emperor, Charles V (1547). 

VII. General view of the city of Goppingen, Wurtemberg, birthplace of 

Colonel Fi'iger. 

VIII. Market place on Kaupt Street, Goppingen, 1904. 

IX. The same. 

X. Ancient castle and city church. Romantic scenery along river Neckar. 

XI. Tubingen, Wurtemberg, scene of Col. Fi'iger's school days. (Acad- 

emie). 

XII. Theological Seminary. 

XIII. Polyclinic, Medical Hospital, old Hall. University building, 

Tubingen. 

XIV. Lower Bridge over River Neckar. Same bridge and castle on hill, 

Tubingen. 

XV. Castle grounds and old lime tree. The Court House, Tubingen. 

River Neckar, affluent of the Rhine. 

XVI. Gettysburg; Sergeant Fi'iger firing the last gun in Pickett's charge. 

XVII. The "slaughter pen." Another view of Pickett's charge. 

XVIII. Officers in command at Gettysburg. 

XIX. Present view of battlefield. 

XX. Portrait of Lieut. -Colonel Frederick Fi'iger. 

XXI. Marie (Hall) Fi'iger and Sons, Theo. Hall Fiiger ami Frederick 

William Fi'iger, Jr. 

XXII. Former residence of Mrs. F. W. Fiiger nee Hall, near Detroit, Mich 

igan. 

XXIII. Portrait of Captain Frederick Wm. Fiiger. 

XXIV. Fugger Monument in Augsburg. 



Bemote ^ncestrp of the jf tiger jfanulp 




chtsttsf* tst^Cj 7c^t> <^<K 







illemote 3incestrp of the if tiger if am tip 
tf/<t5ermanp, ^^^^^^^^ 

&kftrf)of 2licut.=CoK ifrclicrick jf tiger, JU.&.a., Eettre&. 



H E family names of Fiiger, Fueger and 
Fiisrsrer are interchangeable, all of the 
name being descended from an ancient 
Swabian family. Swabia, or Suevia 
(German-Schwaben), took its name from 
a horde of Suevi, an Aryan Teutonic race, that 
spread over Germany in the fifth century. Swabia ex- 
isted as a Duchy of the Frank Empire until the eighth 
century. In 1080 the Duchy was bestowed on Count 
Hohenstaufen (1 138-1254), founder of the house of 
Swabia, under whose rule it became the richest, most 
powerful and highly civilized country in German)'. 

In medieval times Venice became the great trade 
center for the far East. The trade of Germany was 
controlled by a number of "leagues," such as the 
Hanseatic league (from the German word Hansa — a 
confederacy), the league of Augsburg and the Rhine 
Confederacy. Starting from Venice, the merchants 
used to cross the Alps by the Brenner or Julier passes, 
thence making for the upper Danube or one of its 
tributaries, utilizing the waterways wherever possible, 
down the stream to Regensburg and Vienna or up to 
Ulm, thence to the Rhine and down this stream. 
Along these trade routes arose great cities. The 
Swabian league included such cities as Augsburg, 

[Nuremburg 

[7] 



Nuremburg, Regensburg and Ulm. Augsburg 
(Augusta Vindelicorum) was founded 14 B. C, after 
the conquest of Rhuctia by Drusus, and was the 
center of a number of the old Roman roads. In the 
middle ages, being on the main line from Venice to 
the North, its importance greatly increased, and from 
1300 to 1600 it was one of the most important towns 
in German) 7 . About this time the lordships of Wur- 
temburg and Baden were founded. 

There were "Captains of Industr}' 1 ' in those days 
as well as in modern times, and among the most 
remarkable of these were the Fiigers, or Fiiggers, as 
some branches of the family spelled the name. One 
of the principal industries of Augsburg at this time 
was linen weaving. In 1365 a poor, but energetic, 
weaver's apprentice, named Hans Fuger, came to 
Augsburg and acquired citizenship by marrying a 
burgher's daughter He soon became one of the 
twelve Councillors of the "Guild of Weavers" and 
Assessor of the "Fehmgericht,' 1 a secret tribunal of 
the middle ages, established to afford some respon- 
sible administration of justice, then in a deplorable 
condition. Hans died in 1409, leaving a fortune of 
3,000 florins, accumulated by his skill and diligence. 
This was a large sum in those days, before the dis- 
covery of the New World and its gold mines. From 
this time forward for some 300 years, the family 
increased in wealth and importance. In 1500 the 
wagons and vessels of the Fiiggers were found on 
every trade route by land and sea. They became 
bankers, merchants, miners, manufacturers. The 



[8] 



word "fugerie" came to signify usury, or interest on 
money. Several branches of the family were en- 
nobled, and we find as late as 1701 several principali- 
ties along the Danube belonging to the Fuggers. A 
collection of family portraits and the family gene- 
alogies to that time were published at Ulm in 1754 
(Pinacotheca Fuggerorum). A branch of the family, 
ennobled by the Emperor Maximilian, built the mag- 
nificent castle of Fugerau in the Tyrol. They loaned 
vast sums to the Archduke of Austria, to the Emperor 
Frederick, father of Maximilian, and to his brother 
Albert. Like the Rothschilds in recent times, they 
became bankers for numerous royal houses. Andrew 
Fiigger, son of Hans, was the first to spell the name 
with two g's. He founded a noble line, which died 
out in 1585. Andrew had a son, John, who died in 
1469, and who was Superior of the weaving guild. 
Of his sons, born at Augsburg; Uhlric, George and 
Jacob, extended the business to an extraordinary 
degree. The grandchildren of Hans Fiigger were 
now, after the lapse of a century (1500), the richest 
merchants in Europe and their family connected with 
the noblest houses by marriage ties. In 1506 the 
fortunes of the house devolved mainly on George. 
He left three sons — Marcus, who entered the church, 
Raimond and Antony, who continued the business. 
These last were zealous Catholics, and during the 
Diet of Augsburg (1530) the Emperor lived in 
Antony's house on the Weinmarket. He then made 
the two brothers counts, with the rights of princes. 
The} 7 furnished funds for the war against Algiers 

[(1533). 
[9] 



(1533)5 receiving as compensation the right of coining 
money. Antony, at his death, left a fortune of six 
million golden crowns, besides priceless jewels and 
works of art in different parts of Europe and the 
Indies. It is of him that the Emperor Charles 
remarked, when shown the royal treasury in Paris, 
"there is a linen weaver in Augsburg who could pay 
all this out of his private purse. " It is said that 
Antony, when visited by Charles V, lighted a fire 
of cinnamon wood with the royal bond given him for 
money loaned. The family were charitably inclined 
in other ways, and at Augsburg are still shown a 
group of 108 houses erected for low rental to the 
poor. The Fuggerhaus is one of the attractions of 
the city today. The brothers, Raimond and Antony, 
were devout Catholics, and established the Jesuits at 
Augsburg, giving them buildings for a college, church 
and school. After a period of more than 200 years 
of unprecedented success, the fortunes of the family- 
were to experience a decided change. The great 
Thirty Years 1 War (16 18-1648), resulting from reli- 
gious discussions, practically ruined this part of 
Germany. Half the population was destroyed, the 
country was devastated, many of the villages and 
smaller cities burned. The clock of progress was 
turned back 200 years, and only in recent times has 
Germany again reached the high point of prosperity 
she had attained in 1600. Many family names dis- 
appeared altogether, but there are still to be found 
descendants of this remarkable family — some rich and 
titled, others in moderate circumstances — scattered 



[10] 



through Bavaria, Wurtemburg and Baden. At Augs- 
burg, or in the vicinity, some still carry on the ancient 
weaving industry. Others have widely scattered, the 
name being well known in Pennsylvania previous to 
the Revolution, also on the South American continent. 

A descendant of this family, August William 
Frederick Fiiger, born in Augsburg in 1810, married 
Rosa Caroline Schuler in 1835. He was a master 
weaver in Augsburg, and died in 1836, leaving one 
child, William Frederick Fiiger, born at Goppingen, 
and then aged only three months. At an earl}' age 
he was sent to a gymnasium or public school, and 
later, at the age of sixteen, entered the University of 
Tubingen (a town in Wurtemburg, near Stuttgart, on 
the river Neckar). At the age of eighteen, to use 
his own words, " inheriting but little of the ancient 
family plunder, but something of their ambition and 
persistence,'' young Fiiger determined to seek fame 
and fortune in the "land of the free and home of the 
brave.' 1 

He reached New York City April 7, 1853, 
where, lacking influential friends and handicapped by 
an imperfect knowledge of the English language, his 
progress was not such as he anticipated, and he 
enlisted August 20, 1856, in the 4th Artillery, U.S. 
Army. From September, 1856, to 1857, ^ e serve d 
under General Harney in the campaign against the 
Florida Seminole Indians. In 1 857-1858 the battery 
was ordered to Kansas, where, owing to the agitation 
of the slavery question, serious troubles were feared. 
In May, 1858, the Mormons of Utah began to show 

[signs 
[11] 



signs of hostility and General Albert Sidney Johnston, 
a distinguished officer (later on killed on the Confed- 
erate side at the battle of Shiloh), was placed in 
command of an expedition which marched across the 
plains to Salt Lake and restored quiet there. At this 
time only a few r miles of railway west of the Missis- 
sippi had been constructed. All travel was by stage, 
wagons called "prairie schooners,' 1 and push carts 
with two wheels, first used by Mormon immigrants. 
Major Fiiger's diary states: "From May, 1858, 
to June, 1 86 1, the 4th Artillery was attached to 
General A. S. Johnston's command. In the summer 
of i860 we operated against the hostile Indians in 
Nevada. After a severe battle with them at a place 
called Evan's Station, I was (then aged twenty-four) 
placed in command of the Station with eight effective 
soldiers, also six men badly wounded by Indian arrows, 
and rive pony express riders, who had taken refuge 
there while engaged in the Overland Mail Service to 
California. The second day after this small detach- 
ment had been left by the other troops in the block 
house, we were surrounded and attacked by 150, or 
more, Indians. We were at once kept busy repelling 
their attacks, tiring through portholes constantly, day 
and night, for eleven days, at the end of which time 
the command was exhausted. Fortunately we were 
then relieved by Lieutenant Weed,* commanding 
Battery B, who, learning that we were besieged, 
mounted his troops as cavalry and hastened to the 

* Stephen A. Weed, cadet, 1850; and I^t. 4th Artillery, 1854; 1st L,t., 1856; Capt. 5th 
Artillery, May, 1861; Brig.-Gen'l Volunteers, June, 1863; killed at Gettysburg, July 6, 
1863. 

[12] 



scene. In July, 1 86 1 , after live years of hard con- 
tinuous service, my term of enlistment expired. I 
was then twenty-rive years of age, had acquired a 
good knowledge of the English language, of this 
country and its people from Florida to California. 

I was about to enter into business, being offered 
a fine position with about $1,800 a year to start with; 
but at this time Fort Sumpter had been fired on ; the 
North as well as the South was wild with excitement, 
and the prevailing patriotic fever seized me, dominat- 
ing all questions of private interest. I had imbibed a 
love for a military life, and having been in the Artil- 
lery service so long, determined to re-enlist in that 
branch, taking chances for promotion. So far I had 
only served as private, corporal and sergeant. I left 
Camp Floyd, Utah, and marched across the plains, 
arriving at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, in October, 
1 86 1. From there I proceeded by railway to Wash- 
ington City, D. C, where we were organized into a 
light battery. 

Thenceforward I served in the Army of the 
Potomac from December, 1861, to the surrender of 
General Lee's army at Appomatox Court House, April 
9, 1865, four years of almost continual and severe 
campaigning. During the war I w r as present at sixty- 
three battles and minor engagements, being wounded 
but twice, once in the head at the battle of White Oak 
Swamp, June 30, 1862, and once in the left arm at 
the battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862. I served 
my entire time, from August, 1856, when I enlisted, 
to June 18, 1900, a period of forty-four years, in the 

[4th Artillery 
[13] 



4th Artillery. Many of the most distinguished offi- 
cers of our army are proud to record their connection 
with this battery. 

At the Battle of Gettysburg (now classed among 
the few decisive battles of the world, and taking place 
July i, 2 and 3, 1863) this noble battery bore a most 
conspicuous part. At this time it was under command 
of 1 st Lieutenant A. II. Gushing (brother of the 
gallant naval officer, Wm. B. Cushing, hero of the 
Albemarle). Lieutenant Miller was in command of 
the right half of the batter)-; I was 1st Sergeant. 
The famous painting, "the Cyclorama of Gettysburg,'' 
has immortalized the "Hero of Gettysburg 1 * by 
placing Cushing's battery on the right of the line, 
the post of honor. This battery bore the brunt of 
the famous Pickett's charge, a desperate movement 
that stands almost unrivaled in military history. On 
the afternoon of July 3, 1863, we were in position on 
the left of Cemetery Hill, at what is known as "the 
bloody angle." The Confederate line, under General 
Robert E. Lee, was drawn up on an opposite eleva- 
tion, an undulating valley separating us. In this 
battle all the officers of our battery were either killed 
or wounded, with half of our men and eighty-nine out 
of ninety-four of the horses ; also most of the ammuni- 
tion blown up ; but we stood our ground until relieved 
by infantry supports. When the Confederate troops 
made their final charge on us, I was in command of 
the battery, and, for my conduct there, was recom- 
mended for a commission in the regular army by 



[I4j 



General W. S. Hancock, General Hazard, Chief of 
Artillery 2nd Army Corps, General A. S. Webb 
and others. 

General Hancock says : " I desire to bring par- 
ticularly to the notice of the Major-General Com- 
manding (Meade), the case of Frederick Fiiger, 1st 
Sergeant of Battery A, 4th Artillery. During the 
action, his conduct was such as to entitle him to pro- 
motion, and his character is such as to make this a 
proper method of rewarding his services." 

General A. S. Webb says: "I recommend for 
promotion Sergeant Frederick Fiiger. His batten- 
was most nobly served." 

Colonel Hazard says: "Special mention is made 
of 1 st Sergeant Frederick Fiiger, for his bravery 
during the battle, especially exhibited after all his 
officers had fallen, and he, in the heat of the lire, was 
obliged to assume command of the battery. He is 
most earnestly recommended for promotion, having 
proved himself a brave soldier, a modest and most 
competent officer." (Official Arm}- Records, Series r, 
Vol. XXVII). 

An interesting and highly laudatory letter on this 
subject from General Horace Porter has unfortunately 
been mislaid. 

I was also recommended to Congress for a 
"Medal of Honor," but the matter was not pressed,, 
except by a few friends, who finally succeeded in 
bringing the matter to a focus July 1, 1897, when I 
received a Congressional Medal with the following 
inscription : "At Gettysburg, Penn., July j>, i86j, 

[this 
[15] 



this officer, then ist Sergeant with Field Battery A, 
ffh U. S. Artillery, succeeded to the command of the 
Battery, all its officers having been killed or wounded 
in Pickett's assault. With the most distinguished 
o-allantry he fought the remaining gun.' 1 '' (This medal 
corresponds with the Victoria Cross in the British 
army, and is only bestowed for some conspicuous act 
of bravery). Through the unsolicited but persistent 
efforts of my old and esteemed friend. General Alex- 
ander S. Webb (since his retirement, President of the 
College of the City of New York), the medal was 
finally conferred on me. The following is his letter to 
the War Department: 

General Geo. D. Buggies 

Adjt.-Genl. U.S. Army. 

General: Four years ago, I applied for a Medal 
of Honor for Sergeant Frederick Fiiger, a First Ser- 
geant of Cushing's Battery at the battle of Gettysburg. 

I received an answer from the War Department 
to the effect that proper recognition of his services had 
already been made. I beg once more to call the atten- 
tion of the War Department to the fact that a Medal 
of Honor can have nothing whatever to take its place. 
The promotion given to Sergeant Fiiger for his services 
was, of course, due, but this is not a reward for his 
special "or personal services at the Battle of Gettys- 
burg. " Medals of Honor " are given only where ser- 
vices are of extraordinary gallantry. Sergeant Fiiger, 
in my sight and near me, in front of the Union lines, 
down by the stone wall, near the clump of trees at 
Gettysburg, fought with the single gun which fired the 
last shot from Cushing's Battery after Cushing was 
killed. There was no occasion during the whole war 



[16J 



where one has been required to remain so long a time 
between the lines as were the cannoneers with 
Lieutenant Gushing and Sergeant Fuger (who fortu- 
nately lived through it). 

This statement is no hearsay on my part, as I saw 
it all personally, and I consider it one of those extra- 
ordinary occasions of meritorious service, being in the 
nature of a desperate action where a man has but little 
chance for his life, insomuch as nearly all those with 
me, and most of those with Sergeant Fuger. were shot 
on July 3rd. 

Although, at that time, occupying a subordinate 
position, he has almost as much right to the recogni- 
tion received from Congress as I have myself. I ask 
for a consideration of this case, and I deem it most 
important that this consideration be given. 

I remain with high respect. 

Your obedient servant, 

Alexander S. Webb, 

Brev. Maj.-Gen'l. 

While General Webb, a most brave and gallant 
officer, received merited promotion, man}' other de- 
serving cases were for a long time passed by in neglect, 
greatly to the discredit of certain army officials. 
Others, whose favorite retreat in the hour of peril was 
under a ba«rirao-e wa^on or behind a friendly log 
(haying a political " pull 11 ), were shoved up the ladder 
of promotion at a rapid rate. This sort of thing was 
certainly detrimental to the " morale v of our army, 
and may account for some of the disasters our forces 
experienced. If Major Fuger, instead of re-enlisting in 
the battery he had become so attached to, had applied 

[for a 
[17] 



for a colonelcy of volunteers, he could doubtless have 
obtained it, and reached a much higher rank before 



retiring. 

CD 



We quote from his diary an account of Pickett's 
charge, as follows: "From 11 a.m. to i p.m., July 3 r 
1863, there was a lull in the tiring, each part)', appar- 
ently, waiting to see what the other was about to do, 
and at what point an attack was to be made. About 
1 o'clock, p. m., two cannon shots from the right of the 
Washington Artillery (Confederate) suddenly broke 
a silence which had prevailed over the battlefield for 
nearly two hours. The solitary smoke from these two 
shots had scarcely disappeared, when the whole Con- 
federate line, in one blaze of fire, opened with 150 guns. 
The Union artillery replied with 100 guns, occupying 
a front of over a mile. Of this bombardment, or 
k artillery duel,' I will only say, it was the most terrific 
cannonade I ever witnessed, in fact, the most terrible 
the New World has ever seen, and the most prolonged* 
The very earth shook beneath our feet, while the hills 
and woods seemed to reel like drunken men. For an 
hour and a half this terrific firing continued, during 
which time the shrieking shells, the fragments of rock 
shattered from the stone wall in our front, the splash 
of bursting shell and shrapnel, the fierce neighing of 
the wounded and dying artillery horses, formed a scene 
terribly grand and sublime. About 2:30 p.m., the 
order 'cease firing,' was given, followed by a similar 
course on the part of the enemy. The 'artillery duel y 
had ended, and all our ammunition except the cannister 
had been expended. General Webb, of Hancock's 



[18] 



Corps, at this moment rode up to where Lieutenant 
Cushing, in command of our battery, was standing, 
and said, 'Cushing, it is my opinion that the Confed- 
erate infantry will now advance. 1 Cushing replied, 
k I had then better run my guns right up to the stone 
wall, and bring all my cannister alongside each piece. 1 
General Webb replied, 'All right, do so. 1 The com- 
mand was then given, and the six guns were brought 
by hand to the stone wall, leaving room enough for 
Numbers i and 2 to work. All the cannister was 
piled up in the rear of each Number 2. In doing this, 
we were obliged to take a closer interval (say, about 
nine yards, the usual interval being about fourteen 
yards). This was caused by some obstruction on our 
left. On our right was a stone wall at right angles 
with the other. The Confederate infantry, about 16,000 
strong, now began their advance. They were the best 
troops in Lee's army, namely, Pickett's division; three 
brigades, Garrett's, Kemper's and Armistead's, in the 
center, supported on the left by General Heth's division 
and on the right by General Anderson's. Kemper was 
on the right, Garrett in the center, and Armistead on 
the left, marching in close order with measured steps, 
as if on parade. They moved forward toward us 
solidly and deliberately, and when they were within 
450 yards, Battery A began firing at them with single 
charges of cannister, mowing down gaps in the line, 
which were immediately filled up. 

At this time, Cushing was wounded in the right 
shoulder, and in a few seconds after in the abdomen, a 
terribly severe and painful wound. He called out, 

[Fiiger, 
[19] 



' Ftiger, stand by me, and impart my orders to the 
Battery,' but he soon became faint and suffered fright- 
fully. I wanted to have him taken to the rear, but he 
refused, declaring he would stay right there and right 
it out, or die in the attempt. When the enemy were 
within 200 yards, double and treble charges were fired, 
opening immense gaps in their lines, to the extent of a 
company front. Lieutenant Miller, commanding the 
right half of the Battery, was at this juncture killed. 
When the enemy had approached within 100 yards, 
Lieutenant dishing was shot in the mouth and in- 
stantly killed. I was standing on his right and a little in 
advance of him, when I saw him fall forward ; I caught 
him in my arms, and ordered two men to carry him to 
the rear. 

This placed me in command of the battery, and I 
shouted to the men to obey my orders. We continued 
to fire double and treble charges of cannister, but, 
owing to the dense smoke, could not see very far to 
the front. At this moment, to my utter amazement, 
I saw General Armistead leap on the stone wall with a 
number of his troops, landing right in the midst of our 
battery. I shouted to my devoted cannoneers and the 
drivers, whose horses had been killed, to stand their 
ground, which they heroically did, righting hand-to- 
hand with pistols, sabers, handspikes or rammers, 
until, with the help of Webb's Pennsylvanians (four 
regiments), who had rushed from the rear to our sup- 
port, the enemy were all killed or disabled. Not one 
of the daring party, who came over the stone wall, 
ever returned. Pickett's command collapsed. Armis- 



[20] 



tead fell mortally wounded but a few yards from 
where Cushing, his young and gallant adversary, gave 
up his life. Among the dead were found a number 
whose skulls were crushed in by the suddenly impro- 
vised weapons of our brave gunners. 

It has been asked, "What other than Southern 
troops could have made that charge ?" Aye, but what 
other than our brave Northern troops could have met 
and repulsed it ? It is a monument to American valor, 
north and south. In this desperate charge, scores of 
the enemy's officers went down. Armistead and Gar- 
rett were killed, and Kemper severely wounded. Of 
the whole number of field officers of the splendid divi- 
sion that advanced so proudly across the field, Pickett 
and one lieutenant-colonel alone returned. He brought 
back out of his whole division barely 1,000 men. They 
had done all that mortal men could do, and could do 
no more. 

Thus ended Gettysburg, one of the great decisive 
battles of the world. More than fortv thousand Amer- 
* icans dead and wounded went down at the hands of 
fellow Americans. The world shuddered at this frat- 
ricidal contest but negro slavery in the Southern states 
was thenceforth doomed. 

As General Gordon, one of Lee's bravest officers 
says in his kt Reminiscences." "Victory to Lee on this 
day meant Southern independence. Victory to Meade 
meant an inseparable union of states. The Life of the 
Confederacy, the Unity of the Republic — these were 

[the 
[21] 



the stakes on July 3, 1863. Meade decided to defend; 
Lee to assault. The assault decreed the future of our 
country for years to come.' 1 

Lieutenant dishing, * my commander, was a most 
able soldier, a man of excellent judgment and great 
decision of character ; devoted to his profession, he 
was most faithful in the discharge of every duty, 
accurate and thorough in its performance ; possessed 
of mental and physical vigor, joined to the kindest of 
hearts, he commanded the love and respect of all who 
knew him. His superiors placed implicit confidence 
in him, as well they might. His fearlessness and 
resolution, displayed in numerous actions, were unsur- 
passed and his noble death at Gettysburg should 
present an example for emulation to patriotic defend- 
ers of the country through all time to come. 

Our artillery bore its full share of the trials and 
glories of Gettysburg. The "duel" on the third day 
of the battle was remarkable as the only great exhibi- 
tion of the strength of that arm of the service by 
General Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. In no 
other battle did Lee develop a force of over 100 guns 
in line or maintain a cannonade for over an hour. As 
a demonstration, or spectacle rather, it was superb, 
but as a military operation ineffective, in that its 
destructiveness was insufficient to impair the ability of 
our infantry to resist and repulse the great charge for 
which it was designed to pave the way ; nor did it 
cripple our artillery to an extent commensurate with 
the vast expenditure of ammunition, which the}' could 
not and never did replace. 

*Alonzo Hersford Cushing, cadet July 1857; sndl.ieut 4th Art., June '61; Brevet. Capt- 
'62, for gallant services at Fredericksburg, Va.; Brevet. I_t.-Col., July, 1863. 

[22] 



The advantage of position was with the Confed- 
erates, in that the ground on their side afforded cover 
for their limbers, caissons, drivers and teams in the 
woods or behind crests in their rear, whereas our 
men were necessarily exposed in the open field and 
subject to damage from the effects of our own shot 
and the fragments of rock broken by cannonshot from 
the stone wall in our front. While the Confederates 
had an advantage in the number of guns in action at 
one time, we were superior in equipment and reserves 
wherewith to replace our batteries as they might 
become crippled or exhausted. At the present dav 
any attempt to rush on a line of troops of good morale 
and armed with long distance, rapid firing guns, 
would be to court certain destruction ; the compar- 
atively inferior guns used against Pickett's charge at 
Gettysburg and the result fully demonstrates this fact. 
Cushing's batter}' showed the heaviest loss of an}- of 
the light batteries; out of 90 horses 83 were killed, 
and not a sound wheel left; nine ammunition chests 
blew up; all our officers were killed or wounded, as 
were forty-five enlisted men, or over 60 per cent, of 
the whole number. 

On the Fourth of July I turned the batten- over 
to the Ordnance Department (Major Flagler). So 
great had been the loss of officers, men and horses, 
that Battery A was temporarily consolidated with 
Battery I, 1st Artillery." 

Colonel Fiiger served in the 4th Artillery from 
August, I856, to June 18, 1900, a period of 44 years, 
when he retired as Major, being then 64 years of age. 

[If the 

[23] 



If the retirement had occurred at the arm}' reorganiza- 
tion after the Spanish War, he would have held the 
higher rank his arduous services entitled him to. At 
the close of the Civil War he was barely 30 years of 
age. A brief record of the battles in which he par- 
ticipated and of his services since the Civil War, is 
given below. 

Colonel Fuger served as Corporal and Sergeant 
in the 4th Artillery in Florida, Kansas, Utah and 
Nevada from August, 1856, to July, 1861. Re-enlisted 
at the age of 25 on the outbreak of the Civil War. 
Served as 1st Sergeant until October, 1863. Ap- 
pointed 2nd Lieutenant 4th Artillery, October 31, 
1863. Breveted 1st Lieutenant "for gallant and meritor- 
ious services at the battle of Yellow Tavern, Virginia, 1 ' 
Ma}' 16, 1864. Breveted Captain U. S. Army, 
"for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of 
Dinwiddie Court House, Virginia, March 31, 1865. 
Appointed 1st Lieutenant 4th Artillery, December, 
1865; Captain 4th Artillery, March 5, 1887; Major 
4th Artillery, February 13, 1899; retired for age, 
June 18, 1900, and promoted to rank of Lieutenant- 
Colonel April 3, 1904. 

Colonel Fuger was with General George B. 
McClellan's Army of the Potomac through the Penin- 
sular Campaign and participated in the following 
battles: 

1862. Near Fairfax, Va., March 27th. 

Rappahannock River, March 30th. 
Siege of Yorktown (6 days), April. 



[24] 



Williamsburg, Va., April. 

Williamsburg, Va. (2nd battle), May. 

Fairfax, Va., June 1st. 

In front of Richmond, up to June 28th. 

Allen's Farm, June 29th. 

Peach Orchard, June 29th. 

Savage Station, June 29th. 

White Oak Swamp, June 30th. 

Malvern Hill, July 1st. 

Thoroughfare Gap, August. 

Second Bull Run, August. 

South Mountain, Md., September. 

Antietam, Md., September 17th. 

Charleston, Va., September. 

Fredericksburg, Va. (3 days), December. 

1863. Chancellorsville,Va.,May 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th. 
Thoroughfare Gap, Va., June. 
Gettysburg, Penn., July 1st, 2nd, 3rd. 
Sulphur Springs, Va., October 12th. 
Bristow Station, Va., October 14th. 
Parker's Store, Va., November 29th. 
Stevenson, Va., November. 

1864. Rappahannock Station. 
Mine Run. 

Wilderness, Va., May 5th to 8th. 
Participated in Sheridan's Raid, May 5th 

to 25th, and the following battles: 
Todd's Tavern, Va., May 4th. 
Meadow Bridge, Va., May 6th. 
Yellow Tavern, Va., May nth. 
Strawberry Hill, Va., May 13th. 

[Harris 
[25] 



Harris Shop, Va., May 13th. 
Coal Harbor, Va., June 3rd. 
White Oak Swamp, Va., June 13th. 
Riddle's House, Va., June 13th. 
Participated in General Wilson's raid 

from June 22nd to July 2nd. 
Nottoway Court House, June 23rd. 
Stony Creek, June. 
Ream's Station, June. 
With General Sheridan in the Shenandoah 

Valley. 
Winchester, Va., August 17th. 
Summit Point, V., August 21st. 
Kearneyville, Va., August 25th. 
Berryville, Va., August. 
Bunker Hill, August. 
Opequan, Va., September 15th. 
Cedar Creek, Va., October 19th. 

11 In Sheridan's raid, via Shenandoah Valley, we 
crossed the Blue Ridge above Staunton, Va., to 
Virginia University, where we took 5,000 prisoners; 
then we marched along James River Canal to within 
a few miles of Lynchburg, Va.; then, turning about, 
marched to the White House, Va., where we joined 
the army of the Potomac in front of Petersburg, and 
took position on extreme left of that army." 

The raid rested from February 27 to March 
26, 1865. Actions at Waynesborough, Va., March 
2nd, and at Ashland, Va., March 15, 1865. 



[26] 



In Richmond Campaign, under General U. S. 
Grant, March 28 to April 9, 1865, and engaged in 
the following battles: 

Dinwiddie Court House, Va. , March 31st. 

Scott's Cross Roads, Va., April 2nd. 

Wilson's Farm, Va., April 3rd. 

Sailor's Creek, Va., April 6th. 

Appomattox Station, Va., April 8th. 

Battle of Appomattox Court House and final 
surrender of General Lee's army, April 9, 1865. 

With the surrender of General Joseph Johnson's 
army to General Sherman the rebellion finally 
collapsed. 

Major Fuger, then about thirty years of age, 
was stationed with Battery C at Washington City; 
Fort Washington, Md., to February, 1866; was then 
made Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Defenses of 
Washington, D. C. (General Haskins commanding), 
up to June, 1866; in command of Battery II, 4th 
Artillery, stationed in rear of War Department, until 
August 26, 1 866; was then given a two-year recruit- 
ing detail, September, 1866, to May, 1868, at Chicago 
and Rockford, 111., Milwaukee, Wis., Grand Rapids, 
Mich., and David's Island, N. Y. At David's Island 
he performed the duties of Post Adjutant, Post Quar- 
termaster and Post Commander, April, 1867, to May, 
1868. Served at Fort McIIenry, Md., with Battery 
H, 4th Artillery, May, 1868- 1870. At the artillery 
school, Fortress Monroe, as student officer, May 1, 
1870, to February 28, 1871. Post Quartermaster, Post 
Commander and Post Treasurer at Fort Foote, Md., 

[March 
[27] 



March 1,1871, to June 15,1872. In command of Battery 
F at Fort McHenry, Md., September 16 to November 
4, 1872. In command of Battery F, 4th Artillery, 
en route to San Francisco, Cal., Post Treasurer, Post 
Commander and Post Quartermaster, and in charge 
of prisoners at the Post, Alcatraz Island, Cal., Novem- 
ber, 1872, toOctober, 1874. With Light Battery B, 4th 
Artillery, Presidio, Cal. , October, 1 874, to August, 1875. 
Appointed Regimental Quartermaster August 1, 
1875, and assigned to duty as Quartermaster of the 
expedition against the hostile Indians in South Nevada, 
September 1 to October 31, 1875. Performed the 
duties of Regimental Quartermaster and Post Quar- 
termaster at the Presidio, November 1, i875,toJune 1, 
1879. Performed the duties of Regimental and Post 
Quartermaster at Angel Island, Cal., June 1, 1879, 
to February, 1880, and same duties at the Presidio 
February, 1880, to September, 1881. Performed the 
duties of Field Quartermaster with the expedition 
against hostile Indians in Arizona September to No- 
vember, 1886. 

On duty as Regimental Quartermaster with the 
regiment en route from San Francisco, Cal., to Fort 
Adams, R. I., 1881. On duty at Fort Adams as 
Regimental Quartermaster, Ordnance Officer, Post 
Treasurer, Post Quartermaster and Post Commander 
from November, 1881, to March 30, 1887 (nearly six 
\ears). Appointed Captain and assigned to Battery 
M, 4th Artillery at Fort Preble, Maine, April 2, 
1887, to May, 1889. In camp at Fort McPherson, 
Georgia, May to October 15, 1889. On duty at Fort 



[28] 



Barrancas, Florida, October, 1889, to May, 1892. On 
duty with Battery M, 4th Artillery, at Fort McPher- 
son, Georgia, May, 1892, to May, 1893. On duty 
with Battery M, 4th Artillery at Washington Barracks, 
D. C, May, 1893, to April, 1S98 (about five years). 
On duty and in command of the camp at Dupont's 
Powder Works, Wilmington, Del., April and May, 

1898. On duty and in command of Battery Point, 
near Delaware City, Del., May to August, 1S98. 
Made Chief Mustering-out Officer with station at 
Philadelphia, Penn., August, 1898, to March 31, 

1899. Appointed Major of the 4th Artillery to date 
from February 13, 1899. Assigned to duty in command 
of the Artillery District, Baltimore, Md., with station 
at Fort McHenry, May, 1899, to June 18, 1900, the 
date of his retirement. On April 23, 1904, Major 
Fuger was promoted to be Lieut. -Colonel, U. S. A. 

Soon after his retirement, Major Fuger erected 
the handsome residence, No. 1846 Sixteenth Street, 
Washington, D. C, where he now resides with his 
wife and daughter, Miss Alice Fuger. 

When on recruiting service at Grand Rapids. 
Mich., in 1866, Major Fuger, then a bachelor of 30 
years, met his fate in the person of Miss Margaret 
Tennant. Attracted by her beauty and numerous 
admirable qualities, he married her at Grand Rapids, 
January 31, 1867. Miss Tennant, who was much 
younger than her husband, was a Scotch lassie, born 
in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1846, and was barely twenty 
years of age at the time of her marriage. She was 
the daughter of George Tennant (a connection of the 

[African 
[29] 



African explorer, Stanley) and Margaret McCormack, 
both old Scotch families. Her father died when she 
was but live months old, and her mother died in 
Glasgow in 1883. Margaret came to America to 
visit her grandmother, Mrs. Ellen McCormack, who 
had emigrated to Michigan in 1850. 

The children of Lieut. -Colonel Fuger and his 
wife, Margaret Tennant, are: 

1. Frederick William Fuger (named for his 
father, who had dropped his baptismal William), 
born February 21, 1868, at Davids Island, N. Y. 
His grandfather was August Frederick William 
Fuger, and for generations the name of the great 
Elector has been a favorite one in the Fuger family. 
Frederick William obtained his early education at 
the various schools near the posts where his father 
was stationed, his station being at Newport, R. I. 
In 1882 he entered the Rogers High School at that 
place, graduating in 1887 and entering the Massa- 
chusetts School of Technology, where he graduated 
as a mechanical and electrical engineer in 189 1. As 
this institution is at the head of the technological 
schools of the United States of America and ranks 
with the best in Germany, France and England, its 
graduates are sought after at high salaries by our 
great industrial companies, but inheriting the advent- 
urous disposition of his father, Fritz declined offers 
of employment and on the recommendation of the 
officers of the Institute, was given an army appoint- 
ment and entered the 13th Infantry, U. S. A., Au- 
gust 1, 1 89 1. As officers from civil life are required 



[30] 



to go through a similar course to that at West Point r 
lie graduated from the Infantry and Cavalry School 
at Leavenworth, Kansas, in 1895. Though abund- 
antly fitted for the Engineer Corps he chose the 
infantry as likely to afford a more active career. 
Born at a military post, he had imbibed a love for 
army life and, contrary to his father's wishes, gave up 
certain business prospects for the uncertain fame of a 
military career. In April, 1898, he was made 1st 
Lieutenant in the 13th Infantry. He was at San Juan 
Hill, Cuba, in 1898, where his regiment supported the 
Rousfh Riders under Colonel Wood and Lieutenant- 
Colonel Roosevelt. The laurels of the latter have 
landed him in the White House. In 1902, being 
invited to meet the President by General Alger, at his 
home in Detroit, they recalled the incidents of the 
Cuban campaign to the evident interest of the others 
present. On his return from Cuba, Lieutenant Ftiger 
was stricken with malarial fever, fatal to so many of 
our troops, but happily converted it into a matrimonial 
fever and renewing his attentions to Miss Marie 
Archange Navarre Hall, daughter of Theodore 
Parsons and Alexandrine Godfrov Hall, of Detroit, 
came on to Michigan and was married to her by the 
Right Reverend Bishop Foley at the Church of St. 
Paul, Grosse Pointe Farms, June 27, 1899. The 
bridesmaid was Miss Martha Palms (Countess de 
Champeaux), and the groomsman, Captain David 
King of the Ordnance Corps. The wedding recep- 
tion was held at the summer residence of the 
bride's parents, " Tonnancour, 11 Grosse Pointe Farms. 

[Soon 
[31] 



Soon after, Lieutenant Fager's leave having expired, 
he joined his regiment already en route to the Philip- 
pines. He proceeded to Manila, leaving his wife 
with her parents. The next year after his departure 
his wife joined him in Manila, going via Gibraltar 
and the Suez Canal. In Manila, P. I., a little son, 
Theodore Hall Fager, was born October 29, 1901. 
After a stay of three years abroad the regiment 
returned, taking station at Angel Island, Cal., where 
was born in June, 1903, a second son, Frederick 
William, Jr. Captain Fager and his wife will recount 
their experiences in Cuba and the Philippines in a 
subsequent chapter. 

2. Alice Therese Fager, born April, 187 1, at 
Fort McHenry, Md., was educated at the various post 
and public schools and graduated at the Elmhurst 
Academy, Providence, R. I. She is at present 
unmarried and resides with her parents in Washington. 

3. Blanche Helena Fager, born September, 1872, 
at Fort Foote, Md., attended the various post and 
public schools and later the Rogers High School, 
Newport, R. I., graduating at a private "Ladies 1 
Academy" at Portland, Maine. She was married in 
November, 1896, to Captain Joseph E. Cusack, 12 th 
Cavalry, U. S. A. (born January 13, 1868), and has 
two children. 1. Joseph Edward Cusack, Jr., born at 
Fort Sam, Houston, Texas, November 25, 1896. 
2. Frederick Stanley Cusack, born at Fort Sam, 
Houston, Texas, May 2, 1902. 

4. Margaret Tennant Fager, born October, 
1874, at Alcatraz Island, Cal., was educated at the 



[32] 



different post and public schools, at the "Ladies' 
Academy," Portland, Maine, and a private school in 
Pensacola, Florida. She is married to Captain David 
King, of the Ordnance Department, U. S. A. (born 
November 5, 1869). 

5. Albert Stanley Fiiger, born February, 1880, 
at Angel Island, Cal., educated at different post and 
public schools. Graduated from the High School, 
Washington, D. C. , 1898, and entered Columbia 
College, New York City, where he remained one year, 
taking a high stand. At the outbreak of the Spanish 
AVar, inspired by patriotic feelings, he left college 
and enlisted in his father's old regiment, the 4th U. 
S. Artillery. On his return he was made 2nd Lieu- 
tenant, U. S. Cavalry, but, on advice of his father, 
was transferred to the Artillery and assigned to duty 
with the 38th Company, Coast Artillery, Manila, P. I. 

As will be seen from the foregoing, Colonel 
Fuger's family is represented at present (1904) in four 
arms of the U. S. Army — by Captain Frederick 
William Fiiger, of the 13th U. S. Infantry; by Captain 
Joseph E. Cusack, of the 12th Cavalry; by Captain 
David A. King, of the Ordnance Corps, and by 
Lieutenant Albert Stanley Fiiger, of the 38th Com- 
pany, Coast Artillery. 

For some humorous anecdotes of Colonel Fuger's 
army life see General Farley's "West Point 
Memoirs." 

See General Farley's "West Point in the Early Sixties." 



[33] 



0art Ctoo 



autobiographical £>fcetcl) of & \ \ 
Captain jfretiericft OZftiiliam jfiiger. 




Capt. Frederick William Fuger 
13th U. S. Infantry. 




&utobiograpl)fcai §>fteicl) of /* *. \ 
Captain JFretiencfe 22Htlliam jFiiger. 

I3t|) Jrttantrp, flUnitcti States &rmp. ft ft ft ft ft ft 

WAS born on David's Island, New York 
Harbor, February 21, 1868, where my 
father was then stationed as Adjutant of 
the large Recruiting Rendezous estab- 
lished at that place. 
The next five years were spent at Fort Foote, Fort 
McHenry and Fort Monroe; then in 1873 my father's 
regiment, the 4th Artillery, was ordered to the Pacific 
Coast. This regiment remained West till 1881, when 
it was ordered to New England with headquarters at 
Fort Adams, R. I. While on the Pacific Coast my 
father was stationed at the Presidio, Alcatraz and Fort 
McDowell, all in San Francisco harbor. 

After reaching Newport, R. I., in 1881, I entered 
the Grammar School, from which I graduated two 
years later. Before 1881 all the schooling I had 
received was from a governess who taught the 
officers' children at the Presidio and Angel Island (Fort 
McDowell). 

In 1883, I entered the Rogers High School, New- 
port, R. I., and in 1887 graduated, entering in the fall 
of the same year the Massachusetts Institute of Tech- 
nology, from which I graduated in 1891 as a "Bachelor 
of Science 1 ' in the Mechanical Engineering course. 
While at the Institute, I spent my vacations as a mem- 
ber of surveying parties engaged in River and Harbor 

[work 
[37] 



work in various parts of the country under the super- 
vision of the United States Engineer Corps. In this 
manner I gained a good deal of useful information, 
besides earning some money each summer. 

Having been brought up in the army, I formed an 
attachment for it early in life. It was my desire to go 
to West Point, but, like a number of army boys, I was 
unable to get an appointment, not having sufficient 
influence. I had almost given up the idea of entering 
the army, and on my graduation from the Massachu- 
setts Institute of Technology, I had accepted a posi- 
tion under General Gillespie, United States Engineer- 
ing Corps, in charge of the River and Harbor work of 
New York, when, while on this work, I learned that 
Secretary Proctor was going to make a number of 
appointments to the army from civil life. I made 
application for appointment, and on June 22, 1891, 
was delighted to receive notification to appear for 
examination at the War Department on July 13th 
following. 

Twenty-five of us appeared, nearly all being 
graduates of the leading colleges in various parts of 
the country. 

Our examination board consisted of Major G. B. 
Davis, Major J. W. Sanger, Major A. McArthur and 
Doctors Merrill and Reed. The first three officers are 
the well-known generals of the present day. Dr. Reed 
died in Cuba, shortly after making some remarkable 
discoveries in connection with yellow fever and its pre- 
vention. After a very trying ordeal, lasting a week, 
the examination was concluded, and on August 1, 



[38] 



1 89 1, twelve of us were appointed second lieutenants 
in the United States Army, and ordered to report for 
duty at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, September 15th, 
for three months' instruction, before joining our regi- 
ments. The other thirteen men failed. I was assigned 
to Company D, 13th Infantry. While at Leavenworth, 
I was attached to Company F, 13th Infantry, Captain 
Fornance commanding. Our tour at Fort Leavenworth 
was most instructive, and when we were relieved and 
joined our proper companies, on January 1, 1902, we 
were able to perform our duties as second lieutenants. 
My company was serving at Fort Sill, Oklahoma 
Territory, the nearest railroad station being El Reno, 
seventy-live miles from Sill. I served at Fort Sill 
from January 1, 1892, to June 6, 1893, an( ^ enjoyed my 
service there very much indeed. Most of the time we 
had four companies of infantry and four troops of 
cavalry. Our garrison life was very active and instruc- 
tive, and there was field work enough to vary the 
monotony. While there, I laid out a wood reservation 
of forty-two square miles for the post, which was 
twenty-five miles due east. I was on numerous escorts 
to paymasters, on scouts after unruly Indians and 
on other scouts of a like nature ; I also witnessed a 
number of times the issue of beef cattle and annuity 
goods to the Indians. In June, 1893, my company was 
ordered to change station to Fort Reno, seventy-five 
miles north, and we proceeded there by marching. My 
stay at Fort Reno was very short; as late in August, 
1893, I was ordered to report at Fort Leavenworth 
by September 1st, for the purpose of taking the two- 

[years' 
[39] 



years' course in the Infantry and Cavalry School. 
While enroute to Leavenworth, I spent two weeks in 
Chicago, sightseeing most of the time at the World's 
Fair. The course at the school was a most beneficial 
and instructive one, and I have never ceased to con- 
gratulate myself that I was fortunate enough to take 
it. The social life, too, at Leavenworth was most 
enjoyable. It was there, in the spring of 1895, tnat I 
met my future wife, then Miss Hall, of Detroit, who 
was visiting her sister, Mrs. Irvine, the wife of Captain 
Irvine, nth Infantry, Executive Officer of the Military 
Prison. After graduating from the school in 1895, 1 was 
assigned to Company F, 13th Infantry, serving at 
Governor's Island, N. Y., and joined it there Septem- 
ber 1 st; I thus went back to my first company and 
my first captain (Fornance). 

I served at Governor's Island until April, 1898, 
when, at the outbreak of the war with Spain, the regi- 
ment was concentrated at Tampa, Fla. During my 
service at Governor's Island, I obtained a great deal 
of experience as Judge Advocate of General Courts- 
Martial; also as Signal Officer. I was very fortunate 
in having for my captain the late Captain Fornance, as 
he was regarded as one of the most efficient captains 
in the service. Being so near New York City, 1 re- 
ceived a number of military details of a very pleasant 
nature, among the most pleasant being my detail for 
three successive years at the Military and Athletic 
Tournament held at Madison Square Garden, and my 
detail at the Rifle Range, Sea Girt, N. J., during the 
encampment of the New Jersey and New York 



[40] 



National Guard; also as acting aide on the staffs of 
Generals Ruger, Merritt and Worth during their 
inspections of the various regiments of the New York 
and New Jersey National Guards. 

Ours was the second regiment to reach Tampa, 
the 5th Infantry preceding us by a few days. The 
other regiments, forming Wade's Division, arrived in 
quick succession. After being at Tampa a short 
while it was decided to bring to Tampa all the troops 
that had been concentrated at Chickamauga, Mobile 
and New Orleans. I was detailed by General Wade 
to make a topographical map of the country within a 
radius of three miles of the city hall, with a view of 
having held manoeuvres and also of selecting camp 
sites for the various regiments as they should arrive. 
I had two officers to assist me, Lieutenant Schindel, 
of the 6th Infantry and Lieutenant Lewis, of the 9th 
Infantry. The latter was killed on Jul} 7 1st at San 
Juan, Cuba. We completed our map in good season, 
and soon after the various regiments began arriving, 
so that by May 20th the Fifth Army Corps, which 
was composed of regulars, with the exception of three 
volunteer regiments, was concentrated there. 

Our days we spent in drill and field work. In 
the evening we strolled down to the Tampa Bay Hotel 
to see our friends, meet new ones and hear the news 
in regard to the movement of the army. 

Finally, in the evening of June 6, 1898, we 
received orders to hold ourselves in readiness to go 
aboard the transports the next day. 

[The 
[41] 



The next morning at daybreak we marched to 
the railroad, and although we reached the railroad 
shortly after daybreak, we did not reach Port Tampa, 
three miles away, until 5 P. M., and we did not get 
aboard our transport, the "Saratoga, 11 until 7 p.m. 
After the army was put aboard the various transports, 
we steamed out in the stream and came to anchor, 
where we remained for nearly a week. Finally the 
fleet put to sea. We had no idea where we were 
going, whether to Havana, Santiago or Porto Rico. 
It was a beautiful sight to see the forty or more trans- 
ports sailing in three columns, escorted by some six 
ships of the Navy. Finally on June 23rd we found 
ourselves about four miles from the entrance of 
Santiago Harbor. On the 24th we saw the battleship 
" Texas 11 engage the shore batteries. Our brigade, 
composed of the 9th, 13th and 24th Infantry Regi- 
ments, was held in readiness to land, and we all 
thought that we were in for it. All the other vessels, 
except the three carrying these regiments, had gone 
further down the coast towards Siboney. On the 
night of June 24th we were escorted by a naval tug 
to Siboney, and on the morning of the 25th we landed 
and went into camp. On the 24th the battle of Las 
Guasimas occurred, and while we were landing, the 
wounded were brought in. Up to this time a good 
many of our officers and men seemed to regard the 
expedition as a sort of picnic, but after seeing these 
wounded men their ideas changed somewhat. We 
began to realize what we were up against. We 
remained in camp at Siboney about two days, and 



[42] 



then moved forward, our brigade going into camp at 
Sevilla, near the scene of the tight on the 24th. We 
remained in camp there until June 30th. On that 
date the whole arm}' moved forward. This was a 
very trying march. There was no transportation of 
any kind. Every one had to carry his rations, blanket 
and equipments. We were on our feet the whole 
day, though we had not moved forward more than 
four or five miles, and we were very glad when we 
were told to make camp on the night of the 30th. 
On July 1 st, at daybreak, we moved forward, having 
had what breakfast we were able to prepare. About 
8 a. m. my regiment crossed a creek near which the 
search balloon made its ascension. Here we had a 
chance to make a little coffee and eat a few pieces of 
hard bread. About 9 a. m. we heard tiring to the 
front quite distinctly and shortly after were ordered 
to move forward. We had not moved far before we 
ran into our Cuban allies, all flocking to the rear. 
They did not relish our style of righting and were all 
making for Sibonev. Soon we began to suffer from 
the enemy's fire. This was very trying, as we had to 
advance along a narrow road and it was hard to tell 
just where the shots were coming from. After 
advancing as best we could for over an hour, General 
Kent, our division Commander, directed the regiment 
to leave the main road and take the trail to the left. 
We soon found the 71st New York was ordered to 
take this trail, but when they reached the San Juan 
River they stampeded and ran back, trying to make 
their way into the main road. The tire was intense, 

[but 
[43] 



but our men kept pushing steadily on. When we 
reached the crossing, each company had to cross in 
single file and get up in the line as best it could. 
This crossing was about as hot a place as one would 
care to see. General Wykoff, our brigade com- 
mander, was killed while crossing, and Colonel 
Worth, our regimental commander, badly wounded. 
My company was on the extreme right of the firing 
line and we were ordered to push out to the right 
and connect with Hawkins' brigade on our right. 
We had only gone about thirty yards when my 
captain (Fornance) was wounded and I took command 
of the company. In carrying out the orders given 
me, my riank was terribly exposed to the fire of the 
Spaniards in the block house and in about thirty 
minutes we lost three killed and seventeen wounded. 
After going about two hundred yards the company 
changed direction to the left, coming up on the left of 
the 6th Infantry, and then took part in the assault on 
the San Juan block house. The casualties were very 
ereat at this time and the control of battalions and 
even companies was temporarily lost; wherever an 
officer happened to be, the men near him acted under 
his orders. I kept on marching up the hill with my 
men and others and finally we gained the hill, crossed 
the Spanish trenches filled with dead and wounded, 
and moved on beyond them until we came in sight of 
the enemy retreating into the city. This was our 
first pfood chance to get at them and we were not 
slow in taking advantage of it. Although I had 
about seventy men under me when I made the crest of 



[44] 



the hill, only about twenty were members of my com- 
pany. After we had been tiring about fifteen minutes 
the Spaniards from the city formed in trenches and 
began pouring volleys into us, when we fell back and 
took advantage of the protection the hill afforded. 

About 2 p.m. there was a lull in the firing 1 and 
we took advantage of it to reform our companies, 
battalions and regiments. In my battalion we lost 
two officers killed and three wounded out of ten; the 
regiment lost 109 men killed and wounded out of 439 
engaged. On making inquiry concerning my captain 
I learned that after he was wounded, he took command 
of the battalion, succeeding Captain Guthrie, who had 
been badly wounded; he (Captain Fornance)held com- 
mand of the battalion, tryingto keep the lines intact, until 
he was mortally wounded. I sent two men to look for 
him; they found him and succeeded in getting him 
back to the first hospital tent, where he died the next 
day. Captain Wetherell of the 6th Infantry was 
killed very near me, as were also Lieutenants Ord of 
the 6th and Sater of the 13th Infantries. 

After the regiment was assembled we were 
ordered around to the right in support of the Rough 
Riders. We took our position on the extreme right 
of the line, but saw nothing at that time of the Rough 
Riders. We were under fire most of the afternoon of 
July 1 st, and a good part of the evening, losing a 
number of men killed and wounded. 

About 9 p. m., after the firing ceased, we began 
digging trenches for our protection, working the men 
by reliefs. Near midnight we succeeded in getting a 

[little 
[45] 



little coffee and hard bread, the first food since day- 
break. At daybreak on July 2nd the Spaniards made 
an attack all along the line to recover the position 
lost. It was then that the Rough Riders fell back of 
the line, from a position in advance of the general line, 
and assembled. About 10.30 a.m. we were relieved, 
while under tire, by Chaffee's brigade of Lawton's 
division, which had just arrived from El Caney, and 
the regiment was ordered back to the block house to 
join its proper brigade. About noon, while in the 
midst of our frugal dinner, we were quickly called to 
arms and put on the line. Later on we were with- 
drawn and had an opportunity to enjoy a rest, the 
first since the battle began, but it did not last very 
long, for at 9 p. m. we were again called to arms and 
took part in the night attack of July 2nd, and also in 
the morning attack of Jul}' 3rd. 

On July 4th we heard in the distance the naval 
battle in progress, and later on came the glad tidings 
of the victory of our navy. A nag of truce was then 
raised and this was the first opportunity we had of 
searching the battle field of July 1st for our dead. 

From this time until July 17th we were in the 
trenches. One battalion being on the right of the 
block house while the other was on the left; my com- 
pany was the left company of the first battalion, and I 
was therefore on the immediate right of the block 
house. General Kent, the division commander, had 
his headquarters directly in the rear of the block 
house. It consisted of an old door, resting on some 
stones, and used as a table and protected by a bomb- 



[46] 



proof. The General asked me to partake of Iris lunch 
on a number of occasions, and at night when I was 
not in charge of the trenches, I occupied his table as a 
bed; this was a great luxury when compared to the 
muddy trenches. 

It was a very anxious time for us, as we received 
our rations at very irregular intervals, and we never 
knew for how long the) 7 were to last. The days were 
intensely hot; about 5 r. m. the rain came down in 
torrents and, soaked to the skin, we spent our nights 
in the muddy trenches. During the day, if a man 
showed himself, he heard from the Spanish sharp- 
shooters. We were all most anxious as to what 
would happen the next half hour. There were reports 
to the effect that the whole line would move forward 
to the assault of Santiago. When we realized the 
distance to the city, the number of lines of trenches 
and of wire fences, we knew the casualties were likely 
to be even greater than they had been on July 1st. 
We had seen enough of these barbed wire fences on 
that day. On July 10th the bombardment of Santiago 
took place; then again we had the constant watching 
in the trenches until the 17th, when the Spanish com- 
mander, Toral, surrendered. 

My battalion received the surrender of the Span- 
ish troops that occupied the trenches on San Juan 
Hill, and who, by the way, put up such a good right 
on July 1 st. It was most fortunate that the surrender 
took place when it did, because about that time our 
men began to be taken sick with malarial fever. On 
the 19th the regiment moved to the right some two 

[miles 
[47] 



miles and went into camp on new ground. We had 
nothing to do but to make ourselves as comfortable as 
possible under the conditions and to cook our food. 
This was very difficult to do, as nearly every one was 
sick. Out of the whole regiment it was hard to get 
three non-commissioned officers and six privates for 
guard. A man would walk post for an hour, when he 
would collapse and another man would have to take his 
place. It was not long before there were only ten 
officers with the regiment, and the command devolved 
on a first lieutenant (Saffold). It was difficult to find 
men in the company strong enough to get wood and 
water for cooking purposes. Finally, on August 6th, 
the regiment was ordered to Santiago to embark on 
board a transport. About thirty of the men, who 
were thought to have yellow fever, were left in camp 
with a Cuban doctor. To me this was the most piti- 
able incident in the campaign. 

Our regiment, together with the 6th Infantry, went 
aboard the "Vigilancia," and on the 7th we sailed for 
Montauk Point, and arrived there August 15th. The 
6th and 13th were the first two regiments to leave 
Cuba, owing to their great number of casualties in 
killed and wounded. 

On arriving at Montauk Point we went into camp 
and everything was done by the Supply Departments 
to make the men comfortable and to nurse them back 
to health. After returning from Cuba my company 
kindly united in a petition to the Adjutant General, 
U. S. A., through our regimental commander, that I 
be granted a Medal of Honor for my conduct on July 



[48] 



i, 1898. While at Montauk Point, President McKinley 
made the camp a visit and addressed the men of the 
Fifth Army Corps. On September 15th, the regiment 
returned to its home stations; my company returning 
to Governor's Island with twenty-four sick men. After 
my return to Governor's Island I was kept very busy 
indeed. I was in command of my company, which 
had to be recruited to 1 12 men, clothed, equipped and 
drilled; besides, I was Post Adjutant and this meant a 
great deal of work, as we were forwarding recruits 
and convalescent soldiers to their regiments in Cuba 
and Porto Rico, besides mustering out volunteers; also 
there was the general prison to look after; in addition 
to these duties I was detailed as Recorder of an Ex- 
amining Board for civilian applicants for appointment 
as Second Lieutenants in the Army, and also as 
Recorder of a Retiring Board. On November 15th, 
three months after my return from Cuba, I experienced 
my first attack of Cuban fever. Thereafter I had these 
attacks regularly each month and they kept me con- 
fined to my bed from ten days to two weeks in each 
month. 

In March, 1899, my company was detailed for 
duty at the Military and Athletic Tournament, held at 
Madison Square Garden. I worked very hard getting 
the men ready for this detail. I was complimented for 
the good work of my company by the Governor of 
New York, Mr. Roosevelt; the Commanding General 
of the Army, General Miles; and the Department 
Commander, General Merritt. 

[Republics 
[49] 



Republics are not always ungrateful; Colonel 
Roosevelt, the brave leader of the famous Rough 
Riders, was chosen Governor of New York in 1899, 
and Vice-President in 1901, succeeding to the Presi- 
dency on the assassination of the lamented President 
McKinley in the same year. I have had the pleasure 
of meeting the President and talking over the Cuban 
campaign on several occasions, at General Alger's 
and also at the White House. 

After the completion of the Tournament I was 
taken very ill with a heavy cold which threatened to 
develop into pneumonia. I was sick in bed when the 
regiment left for the Philippines on April 22, 1899. 
As soon as I was able, I took advantage of a sick leave 
granted me to visit my friends and relatives. Several 
days after reaching Alleghany Arsenal, Pa., where 
my brother-in-law, Captain King of the Ordnance, 
was stationed, I was again taken with a severe attack 
of malarial fever which kept me in bed for several 
weeks. While sick, I received a letter from the Ad- 
jutant General's Office, asking me to notify the Depart- 
ment when the condition of my health would warrant 
my taking a recuiting detail and where I would like 
to go. On June 7, 1899, I reported for recruiting 
service at Detroit, Michigan. On June 28, 1899, I 
married Miss Marie Hall, daughter of Mr. T. P. Hall 
of Detroit. I remained on recruiting service till 
October 20th, making my home with Mr. Hall at his 
country place, Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan. While 
on recruiting service I recruited in Jackson, Battle 
Creek, Benton Harbor and Mount Clemens, besides 



[50j 



Detroit. While recruiting at Mount Clemens I took 
the hot sulphur baths, for which the place is noted, 
and since that time I have had no malaria; from this 
time on I began to regain my health and strength, so 
that when I left Detroit to join my regiment in the 
Philippines, I was in very good health. 

On reaching San Francisco I was appointed 
Quartermaster of the chartered transport, ' ' City of 
Puebla.' 1 We sailed for the Philippines, November 20, 
1899, w ith 575 men and officers aboard. On Novem- 
ber 27th, We reached Honolulu and spent four very 
delightful days in this attractive place. I had a letter 
to Mr. Samuel Damon, and he and his family were 
most cordial and kind to me. We arrived in Manila 
Harbor, December 19, 1899, the day General Lawton 
was killed. When I reported to General Otis for in- 
structions I was directed to put off about 175 men, 
and then proceed with the remaining 400, and a bat- 
talion of the 44th Volunteer Infantry, to Iloilo, report- 
ing to General Hughes for instructions. I was directed 
by General Hughes to proceed to certain points on 
the coast of Negros Island, where the troops were 
ordered to disembark. The transport then returned 
to Iloilo, arriving Christmas Eve. I partook of Christ- 
mas dinner with General Hughes and his staff. After 
returning to Manila, I was relieved from duty as Trans- 
port Quartermaster and ordered to join my regiment. 
About the 10th of January, 1900, I took the train for 
Dagupan. The train was repeatedly tired on by the 
insurgents and at Tarlac the train was derailed, result- 
ing in the death of three American soldiers. Although 

[Dagupan 
f5l] 



Dagupan is only 120 miles from Manila, it took us 
three days to make the journey. On reaching Dagu- 
pan, I was given a horse and mounted escort and 
started for San Fabian on the Lingayen Gulf to report 
to my colonel (Bisbee). I remained at San Fabian 
two days when I was ordered to Binalonan, sixteen 
miles in the interior, to take command of Company 
E, 13th Infantry, and assume control of the town. I 
was stationed at Binalonan till July 24, 1901, when I 
joined Company D, 13th Infantry, to which company 
my promotion to captaincy took me. I was particu- 
larly glad of this, because Company D was the first 
company in which I served as Second Lieutenant. 

While at Binalonan, I was constantly on scouts 
for Ladrones, capturing some of the most notorious 
brigands in that part of the country. I also gave a 
good deal of my time to establishing a local govern- 
ment, to enforcing sanitary regulations and to provid- 
ing schools for the children. 

I was almost constantly on Military Commissions, 
sitting in Binalonan, Pozorrubio, Urdaneta, Villacesse, 
San Jacinto, and San Fabian, for the trial of Ladrones 
charged with murder. I sat on the trial of over 150 
men for murder, and superintended the hanging of 
seven natives in my town. 

On January 6, 1901, my wife arrived in Manila, 
and I was granted a leave of ten days, my first leave 
since June 8, 1899. After spending a week very 
pleasantly in Manila, I brought my wife to Binalonan, 
where she stayed till July, 1901, when we went to San 
Jacinto. In September I took my wife to Manila, where 



[52] 



on October 29th, our first child, Theodore Hall Fiiger r 

was born. In December, my company took station at 

San Fabian, where I was in command. Christmas I 

was granted a leave, which I spent with my family in 

Manila. I took my wife back to San Fabian with me, 

the trip being a very long and trying one for her and 

the baby. After spending two weeks at San Fabian, 

the regiment was ordered to Manila for duty. Mrs, 

Fiiger, nurse and baby left the day before I did and 

remained with Mrs. General Sumner, in Dagupan, until 

I reached Manila and procured accommodation for 

them. 

My battalion was stationed at Quartel Malate in 

the residence part of Manila. The guard duty was 
ver}' severe, the men and officers performing this duty 
every third and fourth day. The task of guarding 
Aguinaldo fell to us. I rented a house a block away 
from the Quartel and with a good Chinese cook, a 
Chinese nurse, a Filipino butler, and a Filipino coach- 
man we were very comfortable. 

On March 17, 1902, cholera broke out in Manila, 
and by using every precaution the regiment escaped 
with but very few deaths. In May my wife and baby 
returned to the United States, as the date of departure 
of the regiment was very uncertain owing to the pre* 
valence of cholera. Finally on June 7, 1902, the regi- 
ment was ordered on board the transport "Sheridan." 
After being three days on board, a case of cholera ap- 
peared. We were then ordered to Mariveles, the 
quarantine station, and went into camp while the trans- 
port was fumigated. At last, on June 20, 1902, we 
sailed for Nagasaki, japan, and home. 

[After 
f53] 



After four very interesting days in Nagasaki we 
sailed for San Francisco, arriving there July 19, 1902. 
The voyage, with the exception of a few days during 
which we were in a cyclone, was a very pleasant one. 

On arriving in San Francisco my battalion was 
ordered to the Discharge Camp on Angel Island for 
station. My company was in this camp for sixteen 
months, living most uncomfortably, To this camp 
were sent all soldiers from the Philippines a month 
before their term of enlistment expires. To our 
officers fell the duty of preparing the rolls for final 
muster-out of service of these short term men. 

On July 11, 1903, my second child, Frederick 
William, Jr., was born at Fort McDowell, Angel 
Island, where my family were occupying quarters. 
Two months after returning from the Philippines, I 
was granted a four months' 1 leave of absence, part of 
which I spent in Detroit at the home of my wife's 
parents, and the remainder in Washington at the 
home of my father. January 7, 1903, I left Washing- 
ton with my family, reaching San Francisco, via New 
Orleans January 12th. Early in August, 1903, I 
assumed command of the camp, on the departure of 
Colonel Duncan, and retained command until the 
arrival of Colonel Woodbury, September 24, 1903. 
On November 5th, I left the camp with my company 
en route to Benicia Barracks, California, to which 
post my company had been ordered for station. 

Here I found comfortable quarters and was glad 
to have my wife and boys with me. The arsenal is 
only ten minutes 1 walk from the Barracks. My brother- 

[54] 



in-law, Captain King, was stationed there and visiting 
him was my sister, Mrs. Cusack and her two boys, 
Captain Cusack being with his regiment, the 12th 
Cavalry, in the Philippines. 

After our trials and experiences of the last four 
years and more, we hope to be allowed to remain at 
Benicia for some months at least, but a good soldier 
should be ever read)' to obey his country's call with- 
out complaint. 

Benicia Barracks, California, 
December 21, 1903. 



[55] 



0*irt Cl)rte 



extracts from tl)e SDtarp of & & s* 
flgarte 3lrcl)ange Jl?atoarre(^all) jf uget\ 




Mrs. F. W. Fuger and Sons, Theodore and Frederick William 




detracts from tl)t SPtarp of & t* # 
figarie 2lrcl)ange J12atoarre(#aii) if tiger* 

S in the arm}' the men alone are supposed 
to experience all the adventures and do 
most of the fighting, the life of an army 
woman is usually not replete with incident. 
I was born, so I have been credibly informed, at the 
home of my parents in Detroit, Michigan, September 
7, 1872. My father is Theodore Parsons Hall, of 
New England birth, and my mother, Alexandrine 
Louise Godfroy, a member of one of the old French 
families of Detroit. Like most children delicate in 
infancy, I grew up to be a strong and vigorous woman, 
such as an arm)' officer^ wife should be, if there is to 
be an)' permanent peace in the family. At the age of 
two years, my old Scotch nurse, one of the Cameron 
clan and a family fixture during thirty or forty years, 
took me on my first trip through Canada, but I was 
rather young then to distinguish the difference between 
a monarchy and a republic. At the age of seven I 
was placed as a day pupil at the Academy of the 
Sacred Heart on Jefferson Avenue, Detroit, and two 
years later became a boarder there with my two 
sisters Nathalie and Allie. The summers were spent 
at my father's country seat, known as "Tonnancour," 
at Grosse Pointe,on Lake Ste. Claire. In 1885, at the 
age of thirteen, I experienced my first great sorrow 
in the death of my only brother, Godefroi, on whom 
the fond hopes of our parents were centered. In the 

[autumn. 
[59] 



autumn of 1885, my sister A Hie and I accompanied our 
parents to Washington, D. C, visiting Niagara Falls, 
New York, etc., and were placed at the Academy of 
the Visitation, Georgetown, D.C., where I remained 
for six years, except during the summer vacations, 
which were spent at "Tonnancour." 

I graduated from Georgetown in the First Class 
in 1 89 1. My dear sister and schoolmate, Alexandrine 
Eugenie, died, after an operation for appendicitis, in 
February of the following year. In January, 1893, 
w r ith my father and mother, I started for California, 
stopping a week at Chicago, where my brother-in- 
law, Captain Irvine, then resided, having been detailed 
Captain of the Exposition Guard and appointed Ser- 
geant-at-Arms to the Exposition Committee. We 
went on to San Diego, where we met my sister Stella 
and her husband, W. T. St. Auburn. After a delight- 
ful winter I returned home again, enjoying the pleasure 
of a visit to the Fair at Chicago, on the way. My 
father insisted on my keeping an elaborate journal of 
this trip, as I have of all succeeding ones in the vari- 
ous parts of the world I have visited. 

In the winter of 1893-4 my debut in Detroit 
society took place, my mother giving a ball in honor 
of the event. During the next season an intimate 
friend and schoolmate, Kittie (Moran) Hendrie, was 
married, when I acted as one of her maids of honor, 
my first experience of the kind. We occupied a large 
house on Jefferson Avenue during the winters, and I 
went out in society perhaps rather more than was 
beneficial to my health. In February, 1895, I went 



[60] 



to spend the rest of the winter at Fort Leavenworth, 
Kansas, where Captain Irvine of the iith Infantry, 
husband of my sister Josie, was stationed. It was 
then I first met my future husband, Lieutenant Fiiger, 
whom I married four years afterward. The summer 
of 1895, I spent in Europe, making the tour in com- 
pany with my sister Nathalie and six other young 
ladies, chaperoned by the Misses Hyde of the Lad}' 
Jane Grey Boarding School at Binghamton, N. Y. 
We sailed June 26th, on the steamer u Friesland," 
visiting Antwerp, Amsterdam, Wiesbaden, Cologne, 
the Rhine, Dresden, Frankfort, Nuremburg, Prague, 
Vienna, Venice, Florence, Rome, Genoa, Milan, the 
Italian Lakes, Interlaken, Geneva, Paris, London, and 
coaching through a great part of England and Swit- 
zerland. I kept an elaborate journal of this trip also, 
with an accompanying volume of photographs of the 
places, paintings and works of art that interested me 
most. My knowledge of French and slight knowledge 
of German I found extremely useful to me on this 
journey. We returned to Detroit the next autumn. 
The winter of 1895-6 we resided in a spacious house 
on Jefferson Avenue, opposite Senator McMillan's 
residence. My friends, Miss Louise Mitchel (now 
Mrs. Don Armour of London, England), and Miss 
Lilian Jewett, visited me there, and, with various 
"Germans ,, and balls, the season was a gay one. The 
winter of 1897-8 my mother and I spent with my 
sister, Mrs. Irvine, at her residence on M Street, 
Washington, and saw much of society there. I had 

[the 
[61] 



the pleasure then of meeting President and Mrs. 
McKinley, and members of his Cabinet, on a number 
of occasions. 

In the spring of 1898, on the outbreak of the 
Spanish War, my brother-in-law, Major Irvine, 
resigned his position at the War Department under 
General Alger, and broke up housekeeping to join his 
regiment then ordered to Porto Rico. My fiance, 
Lieutenant Fiiger, had also left for Cuba with his 
regiment, consequently my interest in the dispatches 
from day to day was intense. In the spring of 1899, 
my engagement to Lieutenant Fiiger was announced 
to Detroit society, at an entertainment given me by 
my friends, the Misses Palms of Detroit. On Lieu- 
tenant Fiiger's detail (after the war closed) for recruit- 
ing duty at Detroit, we decided that as his regiment 
was ordered to the Philippines, the sooner the wedding 
took place the better, and we were married by Bishop 
John Foley, at the picturesque country church of St. 
Paul's on Lake Ste. Claire, June 28, 1899. My sole 
maid of honor was my dear friend, Miss Martha Palms 
(afterwards Countess de Champeaux), who died sud- 
denly a few months after her marriage. Our best 
man was Lieutenant D. M. King of the Ordnance 
Corps, my husband's brother-in-law. After a gay 
military wedding and breakfast at Tonnancour, we 
drove away, amid showers of rice and old slippers, to 
take the steamship "Northwest 11 for Mackinac Island, 
where we spent ten clays of our honeymoon, soon to 
be broken by my husband being ordered to join his 
regiment in the Philippines, where, as righting was in 



[62] 



progress, it was deemed prudent that I should not 
accompany him. The winter of 1899- 1900 I spent in 
Washington and Lakewood, N. J., where my sister 
Nathalie was superintending the education of her only 
child, Brenton Hall Scott. I returned to the Pointe 
with my mother in May. 

Thus far I had unwillingly been separated from 
my husband; but in November, 1900, I left Tonnan- 
cour for New York, whence on November 13th I 
sailed on the transport "Kilpatrick" to join him. The 
troops on the ship were under command of General 
Tully McCrea of the Artillery, his wife and other agree- 
able friends being on board. My sister, Mrs. Irvine, 
and dear little Josephine Irvine saw us off, and my 
nomadic career began again. I think the wandering- 
spirit of the early French "voyageur" must be inher- 
ited in our family, for we have all, especially my 
mother's sisters and my own sister, Stella St. Auburn, 
spent years in travel over the four quarters of the 
globe. In this case my impatience to see my husband, 
from whom the fates had separated me immediately 
after marriage, was the chief incentive for travel. 
We stopped en route at Gibraltar, Malta, Port Said, 
Cairo, Aden and Columbo. At Cairo we sojourned 
at the noted Shepeard's Hotel, and viewed the Pyra- 
mids, the Sphinx and other objects of interest, taking 
a sail on the Nile, with dinner on a dahabieh belong- 
ing to Mr. McClure, of McClure's Magazine. After 
a delightful trip, during which I kept my journal as 
usual, recounting the various noteworthy incidents 
from day to da} - , our ship finally reached Manila on 

[January 
[63j 



January 3, 1901, where my husband, to our mutual 
joy, met me. We spent ten days together at Mrs. 
Simes', Calle San Luis, and during that time were 
delightfully entertained by the naval officers on board 
the man-of-war "Brooklyn" and other ships of the 
Navy. We left for Binalonan, Northern Luzon, 
January 14th, stopping over night with Captain and 
Mrs. Styer of our regiment at Mangaldan. At Bina- 
lonan the Padre turned over his quarters to us, and 
we kept house from January until August. While 
there, we met for the first time Lieutenant and Mrs. 
Potter (4th Cavalry), who became great friends of 
ours. He is a brother of James Brown Potter and 
nephew of Bishop Potter, of New York; his wife was 
a Miss McNutt, of San Francisco. In July we were 
ordered to San Jacinto, where we kept house (or 
"shack") for two months. By this time I had become 
quite used to Filipino ways, employing native servants, 
mingling: with the native women at their dances, 
interesting myself in their schools, watching the 
women at their daily baths or when searching their 
heads or garments for unwelcome parasites. Clad in 
a Filipino costume, I was an object of curiosity to 
some of the natives who had never seen an American 
woman before. I made friends with the children by 
distributing old copies of illustrated American papers, 
and succeeded in brushing up my Spanish and in 
picking up some words of Tagalog; also in getting 
more accustomed to fleas and tarantulas. On the 
whole, the dolce far niente life of a tropical climate 
gradually grows on one, despite many drawbacks. I 



[64] 



know now that there was considerable danger in a 
country abounding in robbers and cutthroats, but my 
husband considerately concealed this fact and had me 
well guarded. On the 21st of September I went 
down to Manila with my husband, stopping one night 
with Doctor and Mrs. Wilcox, U. S. A., at Dagupan. 
Captain Fiiger (who had received his promotion to a 
captaincy in the 13th Infantry the previous February), 
was placed on court-martial duty in Manila, and I 
went at once to the Woman's Hospital, Calle Gran 
Solano, where on the 29th of October, 1901, my first 
child, Theodore Hall Fiiger, was born. My husband 
was ordered back to San Jacinto when our baby was 
nine days old, and when he was eighteen days old 
I left the hospital for La Giralda Hotel, where my 
husband again joined me for Christmas. After the 
holidays I traveled up to San Fabian with Fritz and 
my two months 1 old baby, also a Chinese nurse or 
"ammah. 11 At Dagupan we stopped with General 
S. S. Sumner and his amiable wife, who have shown 
me great kindness on several occasions. We remained 
at San Fabian two weeks, when we were suddenly 
ordered back to Manila, again visiting at General 
Sumner's for four days. In Manila we succeeded in 
renting a house on Calle Real for ninety dollars a 
month, considered a cheap rent; my sister, Mrs. Irvine, 
and her daughter, who had recently come on to the 
Philippines, living with us for two months. Major 
Irvine was in command of the 9th Regiment in the 
Island of Samar, and my sister and niece met with 
some perilous adventures in trying to find him; but, of 

[course, 
[65] 



course, as Samar was in a state of insurrection and an 
entire company of the 9th had been recently mas- 
sacred, they could not be permitted to stay there. In 
February we heard of the sad death of our sister 
Madeleine, who, after an attack of typhoid fever, had 
been left with her old nurse, Bella Cameron, at a 
sanitarium in Mt. Clemens, while our father and 
mother were wintering in Florida. Previous to that 
time, while we were in Manila, we met socially the 
high-ranking generals stationed there — Chaffee, Whea- 
ton, Wade, Davis, Sanger, etc.; also Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor Wright and Mr. Ferguson (Secretary of the P. 
I. Commission), and their wives; we also attended 
several large functions at Mesdames Chaffee's and 
Ferguson's, and danced at a number of Spanish balls. 
In March the cholera broke out, killing off by the 
thousands the natives who drank impure rain water; 
we ourselves used only water filtered and boiled, or 
mineral water. My sister, Mrs. Irvine, and her 
daughter left in March for an extended trip in Japan 
and China. In May, as the future of our regiment 
was uncertain, I followed them, and left, with my child 
and nurse, on the transport "Warren, 11 under com- 
mand of Major Waller of the Marine Corps, promi- 
nent in the Samar campaign. On the fourth day, 
cholera broke out among the soldiers, with two deaths; 
this necessitated our return for twelve days 1 quarantine 
and fumigation. Finally we reached Nagasaki, Japan, 
where we stopped two days, and arrived at San Fran- 
cisco, June 1 2th. The baby became quite ill, and 
the doctors thought it a miracle that he had survived 



•& 



[66] 



the passage. My sister, Mrs. St. Auburn, met us in 
San Francisco, and kindly ministered to our comforts 
at the Occidental Hotel. 

In about two weeks Mrs. Irvine, with the Major 
and "Bodie," arrived, and in a few days thereafter 
we started overland for the old home at Grosse Pointe, 
Mich., thus completing my voyage around the globe. 
We three sisters had not been together for some years 
previous; our fourth sister, Mrs. Scott, with her son, 
was to meet us in Detroit. Major Irvine, en route 
east with his regiment, was laid off with acute rheu- 
matism at Omaha. In September my husband 
returned from the Philippines, and we spent six weeks 
together at the Pointe; Mr. and Mrs. St. Auburn 
coming on there before we left. In November, my 
husband's leave being nearly up, we left to visit the 
hospitable home of Major and Mrs. Fi'iger at Wash- 
ington. There my father and mother, also my sister, 
Mrs. Scott, and her son, joined us, staying at the 
Grafton Hotel. We left Washington with the baby 
and nurse, January 8, 1903, for our new station in 
California. Finding that my husband's company was 
stationed in tents at the Discharge Camp, Angel 
Island, I took my quarters at the Occidental Hotel, 
San Francisco, where I remained until May; Fritz 
came over each night from the camp, returning early 
next morning. In May we succeeded in getting a 
house in Fort McDowell on Angel Island, where my 
second son, Frederick William, Jr., was born June 11, 
1903. When he was a little over three months old, 
I left, with the two children and nurse, for Benicia 

[Arsenal,. 
[67] 



Arsenal, where I spent six weeks with my kind sister- 
in-law, Mrs. King. On November 9th my husband, 
with his company, joined me at Benicia, where we are 
comfortably located in our own house, and with toler- 
able servants, a scarce article nowadays. 

Above I have simply aimed to give dates of 
leading events, describing my whereabouts during 
thirty years of my life; for any details of social life, 
my joys and sorrows, curious friends must interview 
me or my copious note books. 

I may say that I am a member of the Society of 
Colonial Dames of Rhode Island through my lineal 
ancestors, Governor W. Brenton, Rev. Peter Bulkely, 
founder of Concord, Mass., Rev. John Eliot, the Apos- 
tle, and Rev. Chas. Chauncy, second President of 
Harvard, 167 1 ; also a member of the Society of 
Colonial Governors by lineal descent from Gov. Wm. 
Brenton of Rhode Island, Gov. Thos, Welles and 
Gov. Jonathan Law of Connecticut, and connection 
with Gov. Lyman Hall of Georgia, signer of the 
Declaration of Independence; and am entitled to a 
place among the Daughters of the Revolution by 
descent from Major-General Samuel Holden Parsons, 
Commander of the Connecticut Line (my great-great- 
grandfather) and by connection with some twenty 
other revolutionary soldiers; also to a place among 
the Daughters of 181 2 by descent from Col. Gabriel 
Goclfroy (my great-grandfather), who was in com- 
mand of the first regiment ever organized in Michigan, 
and by connection through my mother with Major- 
General Alex. Macomb (the hero of Plattsburg), 



[68] 



whose mother was Marie Navarre, and whose name I 
bear. Admiral Andrew Hull Foote, the hero of Fort 
Donelson, and Colonel Fiiger, my father-in-law, should 
give me a claim to any Civil War Societies. In view 
of all this, and though the Navarres claim descent 
from Henri IV, I trust that neither that fact nor my 
husband's German descent will ever render us dis- 
loyal to the flag we were born under. 



[finis] 



[69] 



